K-Book Trends - Export Prospects of Korean Books

ENG: KOR

게시물 상세
Export Prospects of Korean Books KPIPA’s Choice for Supporting Abstract · Sample Translation 2019.07.08 The Neighbors at Happy Apartment 1. Publication Details Imprint \| Crayon House Co., Ltd Title \| The Neighbors at Happy Apartment Author \| Moon Mi-young Illustrator \| Kim Soo-yeon Genre \| Children's book Format \| 150×217 Binding \| Paperback Pages \| 136pages ISBN \| 9788955476255 2. Contact Name \| Gu Yong LEE, Representative of KL Management Phone \| +82-10-6239-9154 Email \| josephlee705@gmail.com 3. Marketing Information Keyword \| neighbors; communication; problem solving Target Readership \| Children 4. About the Author and Illustrator Author - Moon Mi-young Moon Mi-young previously worked as a newspaper reporter for twelve years before making her debut as a children’s author by winning the grand prize in a major children’s writing competition in Korea. She is the recipient of the Most Promising Author Award of the Purun Literature Prize. Her publications include The Sun Under the Ocean; Kwonmin, Jangmin and Pyomin; Dream Factory in Cupboard Land; Children Reading Independent Newspapers; We Are All Owners; Do We Have Human Rights? and Bow-wow My Friend. Illustrator - Kim Soo-yeon Kim Soo-yeon enjoyed drawing from a young age before deciding to dedicate her life to becoming a painter. After majoring in handicrafts at Sookmyung Women’s University, she went on to study ceramics at Hongik University Graduate School. By conveying stories in her illustrations, she hopes to help increase children’s empathy and help their imagination take flight. Her credits include Smartphone Supervisor, Reserved Class, and Dog’s Woes. 5. About the Book Seung-jun is embarrassed about living in the shabby, old Happy Apartment building. Then one day, someone leaves a black plastic bag full of bread on the front door handle of his apartment. Together with his friends, Jang-doo and So-hee who have recently moved in, he goes about looking for the ‘Angel of the Front Door Handle.’ Along the way, the trio wisely resolves a number of neighborly issues such as noise between floors and waste separation. Once Seung-jun finds the Angel of the Front Door Handle, he feels the warmth of his mother’s love that he’d never realized before, and the Happy Apartment complex becomes a better place to live. From the way the children actively tackle the problems of grown-ups, it becomes clear what is really needed to resolve community problems. Rather than focusing too much on the problem itself and criticizing each other, we must think about how best to resolve our differences by starting with small things. The Diary of the Puppy Mr. Bae 1. Publication Details Imprint \| Crayon House Co., Ltd Title \| The Diary of the Puppy Mr. Bae Author \| Lim Jeong-jin Illustrator \| Lee Eun-ju Genre \| Children's book Format \| 150×210 Binding \| Paperback Pages \| 128pages ISBN \| 9788955476248 2. Contact Name \| Gu Yong LEE, Representative of KL Management Phone \| +82-10-6239-9154 Email \| josephlee705@gmail.com 3. Marketing Information Keyword \| family love; puppy; diary Target Readership \| Children 4. About the Author and Illustrator Author - Lim Jeong-jin orn in Seoul, Lim Jeong-jin studied Korean literature at Ewha Womans University. Her writing career began in 1986 when she won the First Prize in the Marronnier Women’s Writing Contest. She won the Gyeomong Children’s Literary Prize in 1988 and published her first book Happiness Does Not Come from Grades. In 2013, she won the Korea Children’s Literature Award for her book Baudeogi. Having previously worked at a magazine and a TV station, she now teaches creative writing at Seoul Digital University and various cultural centers in addition to writing children’s books. Her publications include Khan the Cowardly Woolf, Mom and Dad Apart, My Little Big Brother, The Mermaid Who Loved the Shark, House with A Low Ceiling, Here Comes a Tiger, My Friend Croppy, Cloud Bus to World’s End Village, Briquette House, Kkwalcheol the Python Who Doesn’t Want to Become A Dragon. llustrator - Lee Eun-ju Lee Eun-ju majored in landscape architecture but later studied animation and illustration. She hopes to present illustrations in children’s books with healthy heartwarming messages. Her credits include I Found Kongwi with Flower Shoes, Snow Queen, Snow White, Jack and the Beanstalk, Being Friends with Musicians, and The Crown Prince’s First Love. 5. About the Book Minsik lives alone with his father who runs a photo studio. One day, he gets a puppy and names him Mr. Bae. They welcome Mr. Bae into the family. Living with an animal companion helps Minsik forget his loneliness and become more responsible. Children will enjoy and easily identify with the stories in this book written in the form of a diary of both the warm-hearted Minsik and the cheery smart puppy, Mr. Bae. Taking care of others is never an easy task, especially when it comes to a puppy who cannot talk. It’s certainly not a decision we can make on impulse. This children’s book, written from a puppy’s point of view, helps us imagine how our animal companions might respond to what we humans say and do. It offers an opportunity to put ourselves another’s shoes. Safety Detective Who Sees Ghosts 1. Publication Details Imprint \| Crayon House Co., Ltd Title \| Safety Detective Who Sees Ghosts Author \| Seo Yun LEE Illustrator \| Min Jun KIM Genre \| Children Format \| 175×225 Binding \| Paperback Pages \| 132pages ISBN \| 9788955476118 2. Contact Name \| Gu Yong LEE, Representative of KL Management Phone \| +82-10-6239-9154 Email \| josephlee705@gmail.com 3. Marketing Information Keyword \| Safety, safe life, ghost, detective Target Readership \| Children 4. About the Author Author - Seo Yun LEE Seo Yun Lee teaches at an elementary school in Seoul and also works as an EBS instructor. With her belief that "happy children makes a happy Korea", Lee meets thousands of children while teaching and tries to find the best way to educate them. Lee has appeared on the EBS TV program Educational Debate and gives lectures to corporations, public organizations, libraries, and schools. She has authored Tips for Studying during Vacation for Elementary Schoolers, Strange Junk Shop Selling Happiness, and Magic Camera that Finds You a Dream. Illustrator - Min Jun KIM Min Jun Kim studied Korean painting at university. He debuted as a picture book illustrator when he received the silver prize at the Publication Art Awards in 2000. Kim has illustrated Exploring Life through Vacation, My Puppy Jjoljjol, and Right Girls' Counseling Center. He has also written and illustrated Rainy Day. 5. About the Book After the death of his best friend Hyeon Su, Dohun starts studying safety accidents and how they are caused, which earns him the nickname "safety detective" from his friends. This book draws in children with the subject of ghosts and a detective to teach them about safety knowledge. Readers will be absorbed in the story through the different chilling settings for different ghosts and the chilling incidents behind the deaths of the ghosts. Investigating along with Dohun, readers find out the truth behind each ghost's death before moving on to the next incident. The author used what she has experienced teaching children when writing this story. This book is written in easy and short sentences so that it is easy to read and relatable to children. In addition, the book contains "Safety Detective Dohun's Classroom for Safety", which is designed to help children check how well they are informed on safety matters and learn common safety knowledge. The Largest Library in the World 1. Publication Details Imprint \| Crayon House Co., Ltd Title \| The Largest Library in the World Author \| Eun Kyoung LIM Illustrator \| Yeon Ju KIM Genre \| Picture book Format \| 240×230 Binding \| Hardcover Pages \| 40pages ISBN \| 9788955476200 2. Contact Name \| Gu Yong LEE, Representative of KL Management Phone \| +82-10-6239-9154 Email \| josephlee705@gmail.com 3. Marketing Information Keyword \| Library; world; books; life; experience; social relationships; communication Target Readership \| Children 4. About the Author and Illustrator Author - Eun Kyoung LIM Eun Kyoung Lim graduated from Ewha Womans University with a major in French education and studied Creative Writing at the graduate school of Myongji University. She made her writing debut when she won the new writer prize in the children's literature category in 2003. She has authored The Snow Queen and 100 Snowflakes, One's Courtesy Is a Mirror to See His Image, and Whoops, Parasites in My Body. She has translated The Best Child, Mom's Bag Is a Monster, and You are Always My Friend. Illustrator - Yeon Ju KIM Yeon Ju Kim says that she always tries to be a kind neighbor or friend. She does illustrations to discover the fun in daily routines and to share laughter with others. She hopes that her drawings in this book will make children happy in nature, just like the story in the book. She has illustrated Fall into Spring. 5. About the Book For Nuri, books are a medium through which he communicates with the world. He dreams of discovering and exploring the wider world through reading, which is why he wants to go to the largest library in the world. However, his mom is worried about him always reading books. One day, in his dream, Nuri travels in a big book and goes to the largest library in the world. He enters the world inside the book, where he encounters a marvelous universe, an underground kingdom, and dinosaurs from hundreds of millions of years ago. Then Nuri walks into the real world where we live. He sees beautiful nature and a peaceful village, and vividly experiences surprising events in a country far from his home across the ocean. The largest library in the world can be literally an enormous library filled with countless numbers of books, but it can also be our neighborhood, our society, or the Earth, that is, this world itself. When children are exhausted with reading and studying, the author hopes that instead of becoming absorbed in their smartphones, they will go outside and feel and experience the world around them. This book guides children to have a relaxed mind in which they can experience the many stories in the world. We All Have Our Firsts 1. Publication Details Imprint \| Crayon House Co., Ltd Title \| We All Have Our Firsts Author \| Eul Ho KIM Illustrator \| Jin Ho SHIN Genre \| Picture book Format \| 240×230 Binding \| Hardcover Pages \| 40pages ISBN \| 9788955476262 2. Contact Name \| Gu Yong LEE, Representative of KL Management Phone \| +82-10-6239-9154 Email \| josephlee705@gmail.com 3. Marketing Information Keyword \| Moms; love for family; life; responsibility; caring Target Readership \| Children 4. About the Author and Illustrator Author - Eul Ho KIM Eul Ho Kim is a reading coach who believes that you have to have passion, tenacity, and purpose when it comes to reading. He has worked as a head professor of learning coaching department of a graduate school. He was also the chairman of the Korea Reading Culture Promotion Association, which initiated a project to select 100,000 families with good reading habits under the slogan of "Reading Korea". Kim received a presidential citation at the 21st Reading Culture Awards for contributing to the promotion of reading culture. He has authored Power of Reading Discovered through Transcription, Reading and Studying Techniques, and Happiness Class for Dads. Illustrator - Jin Ho SHIN Jin Ho Shin studied plastic art at university and graduate school. He works as an illustrator for picture books and other works. Shin's illustrations mainly express the preciousness of ordinary life and the beauty of life. He publishes his illustrations as a series under the title Simple Life on Naver Grafolio. 5. About the Book Just like children do when they take their first steps or learn how to ride a bicycle for the first time, first-time moms undergo a lot of trial and error while mothering. However, they muster the courage for their children and grow up with their children. For everyone, life is a journy. Although every one of us walks down unknown roads in our lives, if we care about and look out for one another with a smile, we will never be lonely on the roads. This book offers comfort and support to not only moms and their children but also tp those who have hard times in their life. Masala 1. Publication Details Imprint \| SANZINI Title \| Masala Author \| Seo Seongran Genre \| Literature Format \| 140×205 Binding \| paperback Pages \| 240pages ISBN \| 9788965455820 2. Contact Name \| Kang Sugeul Phone \| +82-051-504-7070 Email \| sanzini@sanzinibook.com URL \| https://sanzinibook.tistory.com/ 3. Marketing Information Keyword \| Novel; Novelist; Creativity; Writing; India; Travel Media Review and Advertisement \| The description of India’s scenery is rich and full of detail, as it is based on the author’s travels through India. – The Busan Ilbo / The sweet and delicious aroma of masala will stay with readers long after they put down the book. – Yonhap News 4. About the Author Seo was born in Iksan in 1967, and grew up in Sadang-dong in Seoul. She studied Korean literature at Seogyung University, and received her MD in creative writing at Chung-ang University. She debuted as the recipient of the Silcheon Literature New Writer award with [Grandma’s Peace], in 1996. Her books include [A Room Memory], [Paprika],[ A Bedless Woman], and she has also written novels such as [A Moon That Never Goes Away], [A Special Guest], [The Seventh Twenty Years Old], [A Good-Year Restaurant Recipe], [Sseu-eong], etc. 5. About the Book According to Indian myth, Ganesha, the god of wisdom who has the head of an elephant and the body of a human is selected as the perfect scribe to transcribe the poem of Vyasa. Vyasa recites his poem without pausing, and when his writing tool breaks while transcribing, Ganesha pulls out his tooth to continue transcribing. Inspired by this Indian myth, the author delves into a wild question that could very well be regarding herself. “Would a partner like Ganesha who helped Vyasa’s poems find its way to print, make it possible for me to write a brilliant piece of work?” All writers probably have the perfect “writer’s room” that they dream of. With this question, Lee Seol suddenly is lucky enough to get this kind of perfect “writer’s room” and the author follows the traces of Lee Seol, looking for answers. “I” am searching for the writer Lee Seol, who vanished after finishing her short story, [The Novelist’s Wife], in the “writer’s room.” Lee Seol has left me with an unfinished novel, which begins with the strange encounter at the Shiva café, with a man named Jin who wears a necklace of Ganesha. Lee Seol accepts the man’s offer to enter the writer’s room. And the writer’s room provides the perfect environment to focus on her writing without being bothered by anyone. However, she experiences conflict with the lady who comes to cook and clean, and her writing is halted. I follow along the unfinished story and try to track Lee Seol and Jin, which brings me to encounter the novel’s characters one by one. On one particular day during this search, I notice I’m being followed by a stranger with an orange shawl. I learn that the maid who appears in the novel is the wife of the novelist M, and predict that the reason Lee Seol is gone is because of the novelist’s wife. I come to suffer memory loss due to an automobile accident, and have to be tested for severe headaches and ear ringing. I realize that a tumor has been growing in my head since long ago. In the course of treatment, I am able to remember Lee Seol, her novel, and the meeting with novelist M. And I embark on the task of finishing the story Lee Seol could never finish, in a new way. Travels in Southern China 1. Publication Details Imprint \| SANZINI Title \| Travels in Southern China Author \| Lee Junghee Genre \| Humanities Format \| 152×225 Binding \| paperback Pages \| 308pages ISBN \| 9788965455868 2. Contact Name \| Kang Sugeul Phone \| +82-051-504-7070 Email \| sanzini@sanzinibook.com URL \| https://sanzinibook.tistory.com/ 3. Marketing Information Keyword \| China; Travel; Southern China, Mobile Apps; Economy; Society; 4th Industry Media Review and Advertisement \| This book introduces how cities in the Southern region of China are transforming into world-class cities of tourism and economic development. – The Busan Ilbo / It feels like a special, comprehensive tour of the Southern cities of China with the guidance of an expert on Chinese society and economy. – News 1 4. About the Author Lee Junghee studied business administration at Yonsei University and received his MD in sociology from Brown University in the US. After being a researcher at the Daewoo Economic Research Center, he is currently a professor in the dept. of Chinese studies at Pukyong National University. He is also president of the Asian Conference of Korea. He was a visiting scholar to Peking University in 2004, Renmin University of China in 2008, and SunYat-sen University between 2017-2018, and has frequently visited China for 25 years, conducting his research. He has co-authored [Chinese Consumerism in the age of the Pacific rim] (Korean Studies Information), [Modern Chinese Society] (Sejong Publishers), and [Understanding Modern China] (Nanam Publishers), and has written numerous papers on China. 5. About the Book How much do we really know about modern China? The Southern cities of China have led the way for open door policies and the 4th industrial revolution, but they are not as well-known as their Northern counterparts. The author takes the reader along as he roams around the Southern region of China for 5 months, with nothing but his mobile phone. This is not a travel guide. Readers won’t find special information about tourist attractions, hotels or restaurants, nor will they find eye-catching photos. However, readers will be able to understand just how much of a turbulent change these cities are going through to become world-class tourism cities and economic leaders. The author, a researcher of modern Chinese society and economy, has a clear point of view. Readers are offered a picture of the economic policies of regional governments, promotion of local brandings, tourism policies which support local economies by attracting domestic and international tourism, educational policies which emphasize the key points of the 4th industrial revolution, and the overall future direction of China. Most travel guides about China are limited to Beijing, Shanghai, Hong Kong and Macau. However, considering the vastness of the country, the variety of cultures and people, the long and turbulent history, other areas also spark great curiosity. Some of these cities are Shanghai and Xiamen, which are the main background for the history and culture of modern China, economic zones like Shenzhen and Zhuhai, which are the picture of capitalism with its modern Western-style cityscapes, Hangzhou, which holds the future of China’s 4th industrial revolution with its Xixi Park of Alibaba, Guilin and Huangshan which are cities that hold onto vast and awe-inspiring natural beauty, Dali and Lijiang which seem like cities from the past, Wuhan, which feels similar to the US city of Chicago and is also where many prestigious universities are located, Xishuangbanna, where there are natural surroundings, culture, and different races that are similar to those found in Southeast Asia. Some are famous tourist cities such as Huangshan and Hongcun, but some are significantly historic sites that are not as well-known. Readers also experience the treat of taking a look at the most coveted universities in Mafengwo, which is also of a great point of interest to the author. Ruru-hunters 1. Publication Details Imprint \| Sigongsa Co., Ltd. Title \| Ruru-hunters Author \| Jungyoon Huh Illustrator \| Jin-ho Jung Genre \| Picture book Format \| 268×125 Pages \| 48pages ISBN \| 9788952788993 2. Contact Name \| Irene Lee Phone \| +82-2-2046-2849 Email \| irene@sigongsa.com 3. Marketing Information Target Readership \| Ages 3-5 4. About the Author and Illustrator Author - Jungyoon Huh Jungyoon Huh leads a busy professional life as a picture-book writer, creative education developer, content creator, and professor at a university. She is the author a number of books, iuncluding Koji: The Booger Awaiting First Snow; Koji: The Booger Who Escaped a Nostril; Koji the Booger; Piggyback Rides; Ruru-hunters; Transparent Trees; Yellow Boots; and Monkey School. Transparent Trees was selected for the White Ravens' catalogue of international children & youth literature. Illustrator - Jin-ho Jung Comforted by books during a hospital stay as a child, Jin-ho Jung dreamt of living with stories. He won the 2015 Bologna Children's Book Affair Ragazzi Award for his first picture book, Look Up!, and received the 2016 Golden Goblin Award and a Special Mention in the Art, Architecture and Design category at the 2018 Ragazzi Award for Wall. His works include Three-second Diving; The Star and I; and Yellow Boots. 5. About the Book On the wide snow fields in the Arctic, eight hunters are gathered. They have only one reason for being here: to catch a very special spotted bear, Ruru. Among them, one hunter standing apart from the gang looks somewhat suspicious. He, as if to have Ruru for himself, carefully watches the other seven hunters and asks them questions: "What are you guys doing here?" "What's happened?" Each of the naïve-looking hunters kindly answers their dubious rival's questions, except for one hunter, who seems completely uninterested in hunting. During this volatile situation, this hunter, who has been drowsy the whole time, says he's going to take a leak. It seems likely that the suspicious-looking hunter will win Ruru after all. Then, the hunter who went to pee suddenly shouts, "That's Ruru!" As the tension mounts, the truth is finally revealed. The gang of hunters suspect the moving spots in the distance are Ruru, and the suspicious eighth hunter grows restless, afraid of missing the bear. Even uttering ridiculous words like "moving boogers", he tries to divert the men's attention from it. At last, the eighth hunter successfully steers the other hunters the wrong way while he himself swiftly runs toward Ruru. Readers finally discover who the eighth hunter really is. The man most eager to catch Ruru is actually the bear's dad, disguised as a hunter to protect Ruru. This twist emphasizes the dad bear's love for his child, leaving readers with a touching message of a father's love that is strong enough that he risks his own life. Five Balloons 1. Publication Details Imprint \| Sigongsa Co., Ltd. Title \| Five Balloons Author \| Yangmi Kim Genre \| Children Format \| 150×220 Binding \| Hardcover Pages \| 64pages ISBN \| 9788952789068 2. Contact Name \| Irene Lee Phone \| +82-2-2046-2849 Email \| irene@sigongsa.com 3. Marketing Information Target Readership \| Ages 6-12 4. About the Author Born in Seoul in 1967, the author Yangmi Kim studied literature in college. She debuted with a children's story Anchovy in 2000, and later received the 2006 Ma Haesong Literary Award for Jjinjjingun and Dubbangdu. She is the author and illustrator of a number of picture books, including Three Balloons and Five Balloons; and the author of children's stories including My Brother and I; Fur Ball; Summer and Autumn; and The Trio: Alone and Together. 5. About the Book A divorce separates a family of five. The mother lives with the oldest and youngest daughters, and the father lives with the middle daughter. They are seemingly at peace, yet there is an unseen struggle. The second daughter, the narrator of this story, compares her experience of facing unfamiliar surroundings to standing alone atop a jungle gym on the first day at a new school. Being told that her parents are going to live separately is likened to confronting the horror of standing alone on the tongue of a giant monster. The story consoles its readers by depicting fear, sorrow, and heartache from parting, hidden behind the ordinary exteriors of life. Affirming that it is okay to feel hurt and sad, the book focuses on the feelings of the second child, who is still hurting inside. Only after being pricked by a cactus does the child confront her feelings, which themselves have suffered cuts and scrapes. Soon afterwards, when her father forgets not only to pack a lunch for her school trip, but that it is the actual day of the trip, she realizes again that the drawers in her heart are too jam-packed to put anything else in. It is simultaneously painful and compelling to watch a child who has been hurt by adults' choices end up finding her own solutions. The child in the story sends letters and postcards containing her honest feelings and thoughts to her parents: "Mom, Dad, why didn't you tell me earlier that we were going to live apart as two families? ... I should have at least pestered you to let me live with Mom and my sisters." Being able to express discomfort and anger in your own way seems advisable because it is not always virtuous to be considerate of other's feeling, suppressing your own. After emptying the drawer of your heart, that has become filled with conflict and hurt, some other unpleasant feelings might rush in. But once you face your inner feelings and find new energy and alternatives, it will be easier to empty the second and third drawers in your mind, or even to remove stuff in advance before the drawers get full—just like the child in this story, who gets her hurt and sadness off her chest, closes the distance with her father, and eventually recovers her daily life. Girls’ Talk 1. Publication Details Imprint \| Sigongsa Co., Ltd. Title \| Girls’ Talk Subtitle \| What They Don’t Tell You about Puberty Author \| Ida Genre \| Children, others Format \| 148×210 Binding \| Paperback Pages \| 140pages ISBN \| 9788952789259 2. Contact Name \| Irene Lee Phone \| +82-2-2046-2849 Email \| irene@sigongsa.com 3. Marketing Information Keyword \| Essay for teenagers; puberty; sex education Target Readership \| Age 9-12, young adults 4. About the Author Artist, illustrator, and contractor for art labor. Born in 1982 in Pohang City, author Ida graduated from Seoul Women’s University, where she majored in Christian studies and creative writing. In the early 2000s, she received attention for her book Ida’s Sloppy Activities, which illustrated the dark, private thoughts within her. The autobiographical character in her works is referred to as “a grown-up girl”—she retains the identity of a little girl even after becoming a grown-up. 5. About the Book Open and entertaining; entertaining but insightful! Girls’ Talk starts from the period when the author first experiences the development of secondary sex characteristics. She is disappointed that the voluptuous cleavage she sees in her mother’s magazine seem like an impossibility to her, and she is utterly devastated to discover messy hair growing on her underarm. Young readers will find themselves laughing as they encounter anecdotes about how she lacked knowledge about menstruation and misconstrued the dried blood stain on her panties as poop, or how she tore a page with a dirty story from her mother’s magazine, kept it in her desk drawer, and read it until the paper fell apart. But the book is more than a couple of amusing anecdotes. Through the story about an inferiority complex about her looks, she declares that she “didn’t hate but feared her ugliness”, criticizing the blind lookism that considers “ugliness an inferior trait”. It also questions the social attitude that characterizes teenage girls’ sexual desire as more passive and defensive than that of teenage boys. As such, Girls’ Talk speaks about natural changes that people go through during puberty, while at the same time providing a penetrating insight into areas that need improvement. What is so remarkable about this book is the way it seamlessly blends the critical voice into stories that vividly capture the reality teenage girls face. We need more stories of ourselves Girls’ Talk tells with ease the daily inconveniences and pain that women go through. Although anecdotes about menstruation, PMS or how underwear is too uncomfortable and tight (as it focuses more on fancy design than comfort), are presented from the author’s viewpoint, she is not alone. The degree may vary, but those are things that most women have thought about at least once in their lives. These accounts of the author are tools that evoke in readers their own memories and empathy, which are further expanded and linked to become a general story of teenage girls, and ultimately, of women as a whole. The author intends to share stories of women—something she needed and wanted so badly but simply couldn’t find when she was young.

If you liked this article, share it with others. 페이스북 트위터 블로그 인쇄

Pre Megazine

TOP